Nepal Lifts Social Media Ban After Deadly 'Gen Z' Protests
Kathmandu, September 9, 2025 — In a swift reversal, Nepal’s government has rescinded its controversial social media ban following deadly mass protests. This highlights the country's growing generational divide and mounting frustration over governance.
Ban Reversed Amid Crisis
Communications Minister Prithvi Subba Gurung confirmed that the government fully lifted the ban on major platforms, including Facebook, X (formerly Twitter), YouTube, and WhatsApp, after the unrest spiraled out of control.
Casualties and Curfews
The protests—dubbed 'Gen Z rallies'—were sparked by youth-led outrage over a perceived digital crackdown. They resulted in at least 19 deaths and over 100 injuries in Kathmandu and beyond, with some reports indicating up to 300 people hurt. In response, authorities imposed curfews in Kathmandu and other cities to stem further violence.
Resignation of Home Minister
Home Minister Ramesh Lekhak resigned, taking moral responsibility for the bloodshed during the protests.
Youth-Led Outcry
Primarily led by Gen Z participants, the protests—stretching from Kathmandu to Pokhara, Itahari, and Biratnagar—were driven by broader frustration over corruption, economic stagnation, and restrictions on digital expression. Protest slogans included: 'Stop the ban on social media. Stop corruption, not social media.'
Government’s Stated Intent
Officials defended the initial ban as a crackdown on platforms unregistered under new oversight rules aimed at curbing fake IDs, misinformation, and hate speech. Platforms like TikTok and Viber, which complied with registration requirements, remained unaffected.
Prime Minister’s Response
Prime Minister K.P. Sharma Oli expressed deep sorrow at the violence, attributing the unrest to external interference by 'selfish centres.' He pledged compensation for victims' families, free treatment for the injured, and a 15-day fast-track investigation to examine the causes, assess damages, and recommend preventive measures.
Why This Matters
Digital Rights vs. State Control: The incident underscores how social media has become a flashpoint for broader debates about free expression and state regulation.
Youth Disillusionment: The prominence of 'Gen Z rallies' reflects the growing political assertiveness of Nepal's youth, who are fed up with corruption and limited economic opportunities.
Political Accountability: The resignation of Home Minister Lekhak underscores the government's acknowledgment of accountability, though pressure may persist.
International Attention: Global organizations, including the UN and Amnesty International, condemned the heavy-handed response and urged a transparent investigation and restraint.
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